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Mark D. Shapiro of: - Your fastest and easiest free method of finding the best professional to recover or buy a judgment.
Courts vary a lot by type and location. The 4 basic kinds are federal, state, criminal,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and civil. Civil and criminal cases may be heard/decided in either state or federal courts.
My articles are my opinions and are not, a legal opinion. I'm the judgment recovery expert,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and not an attorney. When you want a strategy to use or legal advice, please retain an attorney.
An appeals court is a higher level court where parties may have an opportunity to modify or undo their criminal or civil judgment,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], if they are able to convince the judge(s) at the appeals court which the prior court made some mistake.
A chancery court is an equity court modeled on an old English court system where a chancellor was the "King's conscience". Chancery courts consider lots of matters such as contract disputes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], lawsuits,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], name changes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and applications for injunctions. Cases like adoptions, divorces, and workers' compensation, may be decided at either circuit or chancery courts.
A circuit court is a general purpose court which decide criminal and civil cases; and some make appellate rulings on lower court decisions. The circuit court jurisdiction may overlap with the chancery courts,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych].
A criminal court will consider situations where crimes were committed, and can be either federal or state. Different than civil courts,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the laws in court are enforced by police, and defendants get their constitutional rights to be represented by a lawyer. Criminal courts may order restitution payments to a victim,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], however collection attempts sometimes needs to be through a civil court.
A Federal civil court usually limits themselves to lawsuits involving violations of federal or constitutional laws, lawsuits against the United States, antitrust, copyright, patent, bankruptcy, the majority of maritime cases,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and if parties are not in the same state and the amount disputed is more than seventy-five thousand (this is known as jurisdiction diversity).
A magistrate court most often consider situations when bail has already been, or must be determined, or a search warrant is required. Certain magistrate courts consider civil lawsuits less than some certain amount, and in certain states, magistrate courts are also called small claims courts.
A municipal court is a state court covering a certain county or city. Such courts consider traffic tickets and minor criminal cases, and occasionally tenant/landlord cases, etc.
A probate court is usually located by a county basis, and they handle the administration of estates, wills,conservatorships, the appointment of guardians, and forced hospitalizations. Certain probate courts also handle marriage licenses.
A small claims court is for disagreements about (limited) dollar amounts,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]. Attorneys are most often not permitted to represent people at a small claims court.
A state court is any court inside a state which aren't a part of a system of federal courts. Civil state courts vary a lot, depending on where they are. State courts most often decide disputes concerning traffic tickets, theft, common fraud, contract disputes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], family-related disputes, and small claims cases.
A superior court will consider and then rule on cases with large amounts at stake, and cases of divorces, felony crimes, and disputes about rights or title concerning real estate; and some make appellate rulings on decisions from from previous courts.
A supreme court is a higher-level court that considers and rules on important cases, as an example reviewing rulings decided in lower appellate courts, and cases which concern state laws, and death penalty cases.
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