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This article was written by Francesca Tessarollo with help from . For more information, please visit or .
Nowadays the production of tapestries is not very widespread, and there are [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] only small production centres dealing with the realisation of tapestries and the restoration of the ancient ones. However, in the past tapestries were a very popular form of art, and these peculiar works of art, which cannot be simply defined as furnishings, were realised all over the world, from Japan to America. We do not know precisely where and when [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] the habits of weaving tapestries [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] to be hung on the walls began, as these handiworks were realised with materials that are easily perishable, notably after a long time, but some of the most ancient exemplars that we still have reveal us that people used to weave tapestries in the ancient Egypt and in the late Hellenistic Greece. Another evidence of the realisation of tapestries in ancient times is given [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] by an ancient vase [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] dating back to the 4th century b.C. that was found in Chiusi, and that represents Penelope with a frame while she is weaving a tapestry. The origin of tapestries is close to the origin of carpets, since the most ancient carpet that has been found, the well-known Pazyryk carpet, dates back to 500 b.C.
Although tapestries are definitely to be seen as works of art, in the beginning they had another important function: exactly [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] like carpets were used to warm the floor, in the same way tapestries were used to insulate walls against the cold, beside having a fundamental decorative function. Moreover, tapestries had more advantages than other forms of art, like frescos, as they could be moved without difficulty and, in case of fires or plundering, they could be salvaged more easily.
Although [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] they have such an ancient origin, in Europe tapestries began to be [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] really widespread only in the 14th century a.D., in Germany and Switzerland first, and then in France and in the Netherlands, where the art of making tapestries reached the heights of success in the Renaissance. In that period this special form [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] of art could take advantage from the work of very famous artists, like Raphael, who realised the cartoons, the models in actual size which are necessary to create a tapestry.
The decline of tapestries began at the end of the 18th century, along with the development of the industrial production and the resulting increase in the labour costs: many tapestry workshops all over Europe had to [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] close, [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] and nowadays [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] there are only few tapestry production centres. Unlike carpets, which are still considered as fundamental furnishing and are to be found in [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] almost every house, tapestries are seen more like precious and ancient objects, that can be admired in some historic palace or on the walls of some museum. However, this does not mean that people are not interested in this form of art anymore: perhaps tapestries are not seen as furnishings for everyone and for everyday, but they are still a form of art [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] and expression that is much appreciated by many contemporary artists.
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